Web Hosting Explained

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What is web hosting?

Web hosting implies a computer, somehow similar to the one you have at home, connected to the Internet, where your website’s files reside. This type of computer is called a server, and people who browse the Internet can view your website by accessing your website files on that server.
The company that provides this service is a web hosting provider, or web host. A web host is a service provider with a server or a network of servers connected to the Internet, where you can place your website.

How web hosting works

A web host rents out server space and connection to you so that you can make your website available on the Internet. Web hosts are responsible for keeping the server (and your website) online and for maintaining and upgrading it.
Larger web hosts have hundreds of servers. A network of servers in a specific location is called a datacenter. Datacenters have fast connections to the Internet, 24/7 monitoring for secure access, UPS and battery backups in case of power failures, controlled temperature and humidity, and so on, providing an optimal environment for the hardware systems located in the facility.
Depending on your budget and your needs, you can rent from the web host a whole server, you can share the rent on a server with others, or you can even buy the server and pay only for the connection and the maintenance. So, when we talk about web hosting, we talk about three types of hosting: dedicated hosting, shared hosting, and collocated hosting.

Web hosting types

This section has an overview of web hosting types. For more detailed explanations, see the See also section of this page.

Dedicated / VPS hosting

With dedicated hosting, you have a dedicated server where you can store your website(s). You have remote access on the server, and you can install and update on it any software you want or need. This kind of hosting is suitable for big sites with lot of traffic (and income) because the costs are higher than, for example, shared hosting.
VPS or Virtual Private Server hosting is similar to dedicated hosting except that you have a section of a dedicated server partitioned for your use. You have most of the benefits of a dedicated server, but your resources and costs are less.

Shared hosting

Shared hosting means that your website resides on a server with other websites. The total space on the server's hard drive is divided into smaller amounts, and you get an amount of that disk space. So, for your website, a set amount of disk space and data transfer (bandwidth) will be allocated. Your website will also share the server’s hardware and software resources (the memory, the CPU, the database server, etc.), but rest assured, your information will remain confidential. No user/website can access the files of another user/website residing on the same server. This type of hosting is the cheapest of the three types presented, but it’s good enough for almost 95% of the people looking for a web host.

Collocated hosting

Collocated hosting, or co-location hosting, is similar to dedicated hosting with the difference that you actually own the server. So, besides software upgrades, you can buy hardware upgrades too (more memory, larger hard drives, etc.). The advantage is that the server stays in a protected environment, with optimal connections to the Internet, rather than staying in an office or at home.
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